You sound really desperate and I really feel for you, its so easy to forget they are still babies and feel resentful when suffering from lack of sleep. We got our puppy at 10 weeks old and she had been used to a crate, so on the first night I put the crate by my bed so that she could see and hear me, and I could still sleep in a comfy bed - she howled the house down.
I also had a puppy pen in the living/dining room (taking up a quarter of the room) and I bought her downstairs and popped her in the pen,where all through the day as long as she knew I was there then she would doze, BUT she kept a half eye open and I knew I would have to sleep on the sofa, or go through the howling again.
I slept downstairs for a week on a 2 seater sofa (and twisted my patella round in the night),kept it dark all night and when she grizzled, just verbally reassured her and told her to'go to sleep, I'm here' - it isn't easy I know. At the end of the week, she stopped watching where I was and fell into deep sleep and I crept off to bed, admittedly sometimes at 2:00-ish in the morning, and then was up again at 5:30 for her. I love this site, but was too tired to post or read the posts, but just grabbed sleep as and when I could.
I know you work, but if I were you this is what I would do - before bedtime play with him and tire him out, or take him for a small walk and then play with him. Make sure his tummy is full and once he has eaten wait and keep him up until he has wee-ed and poohed. Then I would pull the crate over to the sofa where you are sleeping, pop him in and don't get him out again (unless to pop him on the garden to toilet) - tell him 'bedtime', get yourself comfortable, switch off all the lights, (I kept the TV on low because I knew it may be a long process but that's up to you). Once he is fast asleep creep off to bed, but you may have to resign yourself to a week of sofa sleeping.
Hard I know but remain calm and consistent - I forgot what my bed felt like and my knee killed me, I just had to get her settled at night and as she rejected the cage next to my bed, I knew I had to get her settled downstairs as much as it wasn't the plan, it has eventually worked. Although I was up at 4:00 this morning with her in the garden for a wee and then couldn't get back off to sleep again, although she did
It's easy for me to say all this as I work from home - but you may have to sacrifice some sleep in order to get him where you want him. I do feel for you.
I also bought a dog appeasing diffuser from Vets at Home, which I believe made her calmer at night, and plugged it in an hour before her bedtime. I still do this and take great comfort from other COL-ers who have been there and know it passes.