I don't know anything specific. But some injections are given just under the skin and some into a muscle and for some meds you can choose (and some go in the blood, but no vaccines I know of).
Most vaccines are injected under the skin as far as I've seen. And the neck is a practical site for these types of injections since the skin is extra loose there. But it is possible to do it other places too. I had one vet who gave injections under the loose skin in front of the hip. Dogs have a practical feature, their skin is not firmly attached to the muscle underneath the way our skin is. So subcutaneous injections are easy to do on them.
When injecting something (vaccine or other meds) into a muscle it is common to do this in the gluteal area since this is a meaty area with plenty of muscle to hit. My dog has gotten injections and vaccines both places. It makes sense to use two different sites for vaccines or other injections that should not be mixed.
When it comes to pain, a subcutaneous injection (scruff of neck type) should be the least painful
in theory. There is plenty of space for the injection to go into and you only penetrate the skin with a tiny needle. For an intramuscular injection you also penetrate part of the muscle and force the liquid into it rather than into an empty space. But we get our human vaccines in the muscle and as we know it is only a passing discomfort, a vaccine is such a small injection it's rarely as painful as we imagine.
As we know from our own experience pain is relative. Some injections hurt more than others. And we react differently on different days. I have given my dog injections under the skin of the neck for her arthrosis, some times she yelps other times she does not react at all. Same medicine and dosage, same injection site, same size needle and completely different reactions