It's an extremely rare disease, with only around 150 confirmed cases in 5+ years in the UK dog population of more than 8 million. Even if unconfirmed cases (and there are bound to be some) doubled or trebled that figure it would still be an extremely rare disease, and any dog is more likely to die of pretty much any other illness you can think of than of Alabama Rot.
Unfortunately, it's been the subject of very sensationalist journalism, with newspapers terrifying dog owners by saying that it's "sweeping the country" and calling it a plague or black death, instead of sticking to the known facts and giving sensible advice. After all, that doesn't sell papers does it?
There are more cases during winter, with very few occurring between about May and October, and many of the dogs confirmed to have it had been walked in woodlands, or on muddy ground, at some point before contracting it. However, as the incubation period is unknown (hours, days, weeks?) it's not a proven link. The advice to avoid muddy ground or wash paws after walks isn't proven to help prevent it. There are no known cases of it being passed from dog to dog, and it's not known why one, or perhaps a few, cases may suddenly occur in an area where hundreds of dogs are walked regularly and then no further cases happen.
The cause is still unknown. At the moment all that can be done is to treat the symptoms and hope that the dog doesn't go on to develop kidney failure. Some dogs recover but sadly most don't.
I'm in the New Forest, where it was first identified, and it hasn't stopped me walking my dogs there every day. If there was a confirmed case in the precise location where I usually walk I'd walk elsewhere in the New Forest for a short while, maybe a few weeks, I'm not sure, just as a precautionary measure. But I made a decision a long time ago to make myself aware of the symptoms, to keep my ear to the ground in case there's a very local case, and otherwise carry on as normal, with the knowledge and any fearfulness tucked away at the back of my mind.