I can only speak for myself - but I bought a crate so that when I wasn't around to supervise Molo (showering, shopping, cooking etc) - I could provide him with a safe place to be..........pups can get into trouble so fast, even when you are in the same room as them

A chewed cable, or mistakenly left item could lead to a painful and panicked trip to the vet or worse

Because I wanted to ensure that he settled in there, I did not use it as his "time out" space........I did not want him to associate the crate with the "end of something fun", but rather I wanted to crate to be considered a space that was enjoyable, too

I never "put" him in - I threw a tasty treat in for him to enjoy once he walked in of his own accord. I also used it as a house training aid - he cried to go out when he needed to wee/poo at night rather than soil his crate, so I got up and went and let him out

We did use time-out - but
I would leave the room, leaving Molo alone for a few seconds - closing the baby-gate if necessary to prevent him following me. This prevented any confrontation as I tried to physically move Molo in some way.
I never returned to him if he whimpered or whined - I tried to return before it got to that stage (20 or 30 seconds at most), and if he did get unsettled and begin to bark/yap, then I would wait for a break (for breath, sometimes) to go to him, so that he knew I would return once he was quiet.